{
  "slug": "multiplex-fluorescent-immunocytochemistry-is-a-complementary-t-41981766",
  "source": {
    "title": "Multiplex fluorescent immunocytochemistry is a complementary test for the diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis: a diagnostic clinical trial.",
    "journal": "Journal of feline medicine and surgery",
    "year": 2026,
    "doi": "10.1177/1098612x261445145",
    "pmid": "41981766",
    "content_access_status": "FULL_TEXT_OA"
  },
  "claims": [
    {
      "statement": "The study included 84 cats with known FIP outcome status, comprising 58 FIP-positive cats and 26 non-FIP control cats.",
      "epistemic_type": "EVIDENCE",
      "evidence_level": "B",
      "confidence": "100",
      "evidence_excerpt": "Of these 84 included cases, 58 cats had FIP (n = 35 diagnosed via histopathology/IHC and n = 23 diagnosed via clinical data + positive response to antiviral therapy) and 26 did not have FIP (control cases), according to the criteria described above.",
      "review_status": "PASSED"
    },
    {
      "statement": "MF-ICC analysis was available for 85 samples representing 69 cats after exclusions for unrecorded and non-diagnostic samples.",
      "epistemic_type": "EVIDENCE",
      "evidence_level": "B",
      "confidence": "100",
      "evidence_excerpt": "Thus, a total of 85 MF-ICC samples representing 69 cats (50 FIP cats and 19 control cats; 16 repeat samples) were available for analysis.",
      "review_status": "PASSED"
    },
    {
      "statement": "At a threshold of at least one positive cell, MF-ICC had 77.7% diagnostic accuracy, 76.6% sensitivity, 81.0% specificity, 92.4% PPV and 53.1% NPV in the study cohort.",
      "epistemic_type": "EVIDENCE",
      "evidence_level": "B",
      "confidence": "100",
      "evidence_excerpt": "Test MF-ICC (n = 85) Serology (n = 28) RT-PCR (n = 34) Serum A:G <0.6 (n = 68) Diagnostic accuracy (%) 77.7 (67.3–85.9) 75.0 (55.1–89.3) 69.4 (51.9–83.7) 76.5 (64.6–85.9) Sensitivity (%) 76.6 (64.3–86.3) 94.4 (72.7–99.9) 58.3 (36.6–77.9) 79.6 (64.7–90.2) Specificity (%) 81.0 (58.1–94.6) 40.0 (12.2–73.8) 91.7 (61.5–99.8) 71 (64.7–90.2) PPV (%) 92.4 (83.4–96.8) 73.9 (62.8–82.6) 93.3 (67.5–99.0) 83.3 (72.5–90.5) NPV (%) 53.1 (41.0–64.9) 80.0 (34.0–96.9) 52.4 (39.9–64.5) 65.4 (52.2–75.9)",
      "review_status": "PASSED"
    },
    {
      "statement": "On a per-cat basis, considering any positive MF-ICC sample as positive for that cat, MF-ICC diagnostic accuracy was 81.1%, sensitivity 80.0% and specificity 84.2%.",
      "epistemic_type": "EVIDENCE",
      "evidence_level": "B",
      "confidence": "100",
      "evidence_excerpt": "Table 7 Diagnostic performance of the multiplex fluorescent immunocytochemistry (MF-ICC) assay at a threshold of ⩾1 positive cell reported on a per-cat basis (n = 69 cats) Parameter FIP Non-FIP MF-ICC positive 40 3 MF-ICC negative 10 16 Diagnostic accuracy (%) 81.1 (69.9–89.6) Sensitivity (%) 80.0 (66.3–90.0) Specificity (%) 84.2 (60.4–96.6) PPV (%) 93.0 (80.9–98.5) NPV (%) 61.5 (40.6–79.8)",
      "review_status": "PASSED"
    },
    {
      "statement": "The authors concluded that MF-ICC should be considered complementary to other ante-mortem diagnostic assays for FIP rather than a perfect standalone test.",
      "epistemic_type": "EVIDENCE",
      "evidence_level": "B",
      "confidence": "100",
      "evidence_excerpt": "MF-ICC is an imperfect test but is considered complementary to other commonly used ante-mortem diagnostic assays for FIP. It can be used alongside RT-PCR and other minimally invasive tests to build a case for FIP in an individual patient.",
      "review_status": "PASSED"
    },
    {
      "statement": "The study's diagnostic performance estimates may be affected by a high prevalence of FIP-positive cats and relatively low numbers of FIP-negative control cats.",
      "epistemic_type": "EVIDENCE",
      "evidence_level": "B",
      "confidence": "100",
      "evidence_excerpt": "Limitations of this study include relatively low numbers of FIP-negative cases, which is likely a result of the clinical trial recruitment design.",
      "review_status": "PASSED"
    },
    {
      "statement": "The source does not provide evidence about FeLV treatment, FeLV diagnosis, or FeLV clinical outcomes.",
      "epistemic_type": "INFERENCE",
      "evidence_level": null,
      "confidence": "95",
      "evidence_excerpt": null,
      "review_status": "PASSED"
    }
  ],
  "provenance": {
    "agent": "AVAPROJECT-VIROLOGY-001",
    "critic": "AVAPROJECT-CRITIC-001",
    "model": "openai-codex",
    "updated": "2026-09-05 17:24 UTC",
    "updated_iso": "2026-09-05T17:24:54Z"
  }
}