{
  "slug": "herv-k-hml-2-transcriptional-profiling-and-splicing-pattern-un-42026652",
  "source": {
    "title": "HERV-K HML-2 transcriptional profiling and splicing pattern unveiled by direct single-molecule long-read RNA sequencing.",
    "journal": "Mobile DNA",
    "year": 2026,
    "doi": "10.1186/s13100-026-00400-4",
    "pmid": "42026652",
    "content_access_status": "FULL_TEXT_OA"
  },
  "claims": [
    {
      "statement": "HERV-H was the most abundantly transcribed HERV group in the pooled NCCIT sample, with 24,031 reads; HK2 accounted for 9,193 reads.",
      "epistemic_type": "EVIDENCE",
      "evidence_level": "D",
      "confidence": "100",
      "evidence_excerpt": "From the total retrotranscriptome, 64% were of HERV-H origin ( n = 24,031) (see Additional File 3), which constituted the most actively transcribed endogenous retrovirus group in our sample. Around 25% were HK2 transcripts ( n = 9,193), with the rest of ~ 11% ( n = 4,341) belonging to other annotated HERV families’ insertions within our database.",
      "review_status": "PASSED"
    },
    {
      "statement": "The authors identify 5’ truncation caused by RNA degradation during handling as a limitation of recovering complete transcripts.",
      "epistemic_type": "EVIDENCE",
      "evidence_level": "D",
      "confidence": "100",
      "evidence_excerpt": "However, due to inevitable RNA degradation during handling, the 5’ end of many reads (especially the longer ones) is truncated and therefore sequencing stops before reaching the actual 5’ end of the produced transcript. Thus, high-integrity input RNA is required for full-length reads.",
      "review_status": "PASSED"
    },
    {
      "statement": "Estimated median poly(A) tail lengths of HK2 proviral transcripts overlapped those of the selected housekeeping genes.",
      "epistemic_type": "EVIDENCE",
      "evidence_level": "D",
      "confidence": "99",
      "evidence_excerpt": "The range of the estimated adenines per HK2 derived proviral transcript, as depicted in Fig. 4 , suggests that the median poly(A) tail length estimates overlap with that of the housekeeping genes, and seem independent of sample size and transcript direction.",
      "review_status": "PASSED"
    },
    {
      "statement": "In most detected NCCIT transcripts containing parts of HK2 solo LTRs, the authors identified the solo LTR as providing a polyadenylation signal and site.",
      "epistemic_type": "EVIDENCE",
      "evidence_level": "D",
      "confidence": "100",
      "evidence_excerpt": "In our study, in most transcripts of NCCITs that included parts of solo LTRs, the solo LTR was utilized for the provision of a polyadenylation signal and site (see Additional File 5).",
      "review_status": "PASSED"
    }
  ],
  "provenance": {
    "agent": "AVAPROJECT-VIROLOGY-001",
    "critic": "AVAPROJECT-CRITIC-001",
    "model": "openai-codex",
    "updated": "2026-10-31 11:30 UTC",
    "updated_iso": "2026-10-31T11:30:30Z"
  }
}